Method of and means for permanently waving hair



Jan. 10, 1933. R. L. EVANS 1,894,032

METHOD OF AND MEANS FOR PERMANENTLY WAVING HAIR Original Filed Jan. 21, 1952 1 I I I l l z. 4 j

I i l ATTORNEYS Patented Jan. 10, 1933 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE RALPH L. EVANS, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., ASSIGNOR TO ZOTOS CORPORATION, 01 NEW YORK, N. Y., A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK METHOD OF AND MEANS FOR PERMANENTLY WAVING HAIR Original application filed January 21, 1932, Serial No. 587,890. Divided and this application filed September 21, 1932.

This invention relates to that class of hair waving in which a so called permanent wave is imparted to a pre-formed tress of hair by subjecting the tress to the action of a heating chemical, such as calcium oxide, which, when moistened, will of itself generate sufficient heat to impart a permanent wave to the said tress.

This invention comprises a novel method of and a novel means for controlling the development of the heat generated by the self heating chemical wherein certain mate rials are used to accelerate the development of the heat.

I have found that the natural development of the heat generated by the reaction of the self heating chemical with its moistening solution may be accelerated without raising its temperature, as for instance by the use of an acidic material, in the dry state combined with the heating chemical. For example, ammonium sulphate. By combining a suitable material, as aluminum sulphate, with the heating chemical to accelerate the development of the heat without raising its temperature, the heat may be kept within safe limits and yet the hair waving operation may be speeded up, which of course is desirable where time is an important element because of the numerous tresses to be waved in the normal hair waving treatment. It is to be understood that the heating chemical may be used in its dry powdered state or that it may be pressed into easily friable cakes, in which case a suitable binder such as dry glycerin, etc. may be used.

An example of a hair waving pad embodying my invention is represented in the accompanying drawing in which:

Fig. 1 represents an inside plan view of the pad in its unwrapped condition, the inner absorbent sheet being shown at the side of the pad and the inner wrapper sheet being shown unfolded;

Fig. 2 represents an inside plan View of the pad in its unwrapped condition after the inner wrapper flap has been perforated and the inner face of the chemical containing envelope has been perforated, the inner absorbent sheet being shown interposed be- Serial No. 834,132.

tween the inner face of the heating chemical fclontalning envelope and the inner wrapper Fig. 3 represents a side view of the pad wrapped around a wound tress as in use; and

Fig. 4 represents a longitudinal central section through the wrapped pad.

The outer wrapper of the hair waving pad is denoted by 1 and is preferably made of non-absorbent material, as for instance paper. The inner wrapper is denoted by 2 and is preferably made of metal foil. This inner wrapper is provided with a foldable flap 3. An envelope 4 composed of a perforable impervious material, such as metal foil, is attached to the inner face of the inner wrapper 2, which envelope contains a heating chemical, such as calcium oxide in powdered form, which chemical, when moistened, will of itself generate suflicient heat to impart a so called permanent wave to a pre-formed tress when enclosed within the pad.

An inner removable sheet 5 of absorbent material, such as cotton fabric is arran ed to be moistened and inserted between the ap 3 and the envelope 4 after the inner face of the envelope 4 and the folded over flap 3 of the inner wrapper have been perforated. The pressing of the flap back into place will squeeze the moisture from the wetted inner sheet into the envelope containing the heating chemical.

In practice, the tress 6 is wound as usual around a mandrel 7. The tress may be moistened either before or after it is wound, by a suitable waving solution, such for instance as an ammonia solution. The inner face of the impervious envelope 4 containing the hair waving chemical is perforated as shown at 8, and the folded over flap 3 of the inner wrapper may be perforated at the same time as shown at 9. The inner sheet 5 is moistened by water or by a suitable hair waving solution, such as that used for moistening the tress 6.

The self heating chemical within the envelope may be treated to produce the results hereinbefore set forth.

The pad is then wrapped around the preformed tress and is preferably secured in position at the scalp end of the tress by a suitable seal rotectin ard of well known or approve orm, sue or instance as the self locking ard 10 shown in the accom anying drawing. The outer end of the pa may be secured around the mandrel 7, as for instance by twisting the outer wrapper of the pad around the same. The exothermic action starts at once because of the a plication of moisture by the wetted inner s eet 5 of the pad to the self heating chemical through the perforations in the inner face of the impervious envelope. A regulable heat is then set up within the pad in order to impart a so called permanent wave to the preformed tress without requiring application of heat from an outside source. It will be seen that the outside wrapper of the pad serves to confine the heat to a large extent withimthe pad, the steam generated by the combination of the treating solution with the chemical being permitted to escape through the crimped outer end of the outer wrapper.

This application is a division of my copending application filed January 21, 1932, Serial No. 587,890, entitled Method of and means for permanently waving hair.

The method of and means for accelerating the natural development of the heat by combining a suitable medium with the moistening medium which was dislosed and claimed herein now forms the subject matter of my divisional application filed the 11th day of November, 1932, its serial number. being What I claim is:

1. Imparting a permanent wave to hair by subjecting the hair to heat generated by the reaction of an exothermic material with a moistening medium, the natural development of the heat being accelerated without raising its temperature, by combining a suitable medium with the exothermic material.

2. Imparting a permanent wave to hair by subjecting the hair to heat generated by the reaction of an exothermic material with a moistening medium, the natural development of the heat being accelerated without raising its temperature, by combining an acidic material with the exothermic material.

3. Imparting a permanent wave to hair by subjecting the hair to heat generated by the reaction of an exothermic material with a moistening medium, the development of the heat being accelerated by combining aluminum srlphate with the exothermic material.

4. Means for waving hair including a chemical which, when moistened, will generate sufiicient heat to im art a permanent wave to the hair, a material being combined with said heating chemical for accelerating the natural development of the heat without raising its temperature.

5. Means for waving hair including a chemical .whichil when moistened, will geni 19th day of September 1932.

RALPH L. EVANS. 

